Normally, water freezes at zero degrees Celsius. But sometimes, water can stay as a liquid even when it is colder than that. This is called supercooling or undercooling.
It happens when the water is very clean and still. There is no dust, no dirt, and nothing to disturb it. Water needs something to help it start freezing, like a tiny particle or even a scratch on the container. If none of those are there, the water can stay liquid even below zero degrees.
But if you shake the water or drop something inside, it can suddenly freeze all at once. It is like the water was waiting for a reason to turn into ice.
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